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be expected to be higher in older mothers and subsequently imply an increased susceptibility to morbidity in the offspring, possibly including also bone quality. In order to establish and confirm our findings concerning the association between maternal age and bone mass in the offspring, further studies on the topic are required. There are some limitations in the present study. Firstly, there were some deficits in the medical birth register concerning maternal anthropometrics resulting in a markedly reduced number of subjects when adjusting for all possible confounders. This reduced the statistical power CB-839 of the analysis. Secondly, the association between maternal age and bone mass in male offspring is rather small and probably of limited clinical significance in itself. Since our reported results were derived from a cross-sectional association study, we are not able to delineate PF-562271 ic50 whether the found association between increasing maternal age and decreased aBMD in the offspring is possibly due to intra-uterine or from environmentally affected extra-uterine factors. In conclusion, we demonstrate that advancing maternal age

is associated with reduced bone mass in a large cohort of young adult male offspring, but additional studies are required to elucidate whether a high maternal age could increase the susceptibility of developing low bone mass and osteoporosis. Acknowledgments This work was supported by the Swedish Research Council, the Lundberg Foundation, and ALF/LUA grants from the Sahlgrenska University Hospital. Conflicts of interest None. Open Access This article is TCL distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which

permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. References 1. Statistics Sweden (2007) Tables on the population in Sweden 2006. Statistics Sweden, Stockholm 2. Fretts RC et al (1995) Increased maternal age and the risk of fetal death. N Engl J Med 333(15):953–957PubMedCrossRef 3. Luke B, Brown MB (2007) Elevated risks of pregnancy complications and adverse outcomes with increasing maternal age. Hum Reprod 22(5):1264–1272PubMedCrossRef 4. Hook EB (1981) Rates of chromosome abnormalities at different maternal ages. Obstet Gynecol 58(3):282–285PubMed 5. Yip BH, Pawitan Y, Czene K (2006) Parental age and risk of childhood cancers: a population-based cohort study from Sweden. Int J Epidemiol 35(6):1495–1503PubMedCrossRef 6. Ekeus C, Olausson PO, Hjern A (2006) Psychiatric morbidity is related to parental age: a national cohort study. Psychol Med 36(2):269–276PubMedCrossRef 7.

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