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“This study aimed to investigate changes in the deep abductor muscles, gluteus

medius (GMED), piriformis (PIRI), and gluteus minimus (GMIN), occurring in association with differing stages Of unilateral degenerative hip joint pathology (mild: n = 6, and advanced: n = 6). Muscle volume assessed via magnetic resonance imaging was compared for each muscle between sides, and between groups (mild, advanced, control (n = 12)). GMED and PIRI muscle volume was smaller around the affected hip selleck inhibitor in subjects with advanced pathology (p < 0.01, p < 0.05) while no significant asymmetry was present in the mild and control groups. GMIN showed a trend towards asymmetry in the advanced group (p = 0.1) and the control group (p = 0.076) which appears to have been associated with leg dominance. Between group differences revealed

a significant difference for the GMED muscle reflecting larger muscle volumes on the affected side in subjects with mild pathology, compared to matched control hips. This information Suggests that while GMED appears to atrophy in subjects with advanced hip joint pathology, it may be predisposed to hypertrophy in early stages of pathology. Assessment and exercise prescription methods should consider that the response of muscles of the abductor synergy to joint pathology is not homogenous between muscles or across stages of pathology. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Ion-irradiation induced diffusion and click here the phase transformation of a bixbyite-fluorite related rare earth oxide thin films are studied. This work is focused on yttrium sesquioxide, Y2O3, thin films deposited on Si (100) substrates

using the ion beam sputtering technique (IBS). As-deposited samples were annealed ant then irradiated at cryogenic temperature (80 IC) with 260 key Xe2+ at different fluences. The irradiated thin oxide films are characterized by X-ray diffraction. A cubic to monoclinic phase transformation was observed. Analysis of this phenomenon is done in terms of residual stresses. Stress measurements as a function of irradiation fluences were realised using the XRD-sin(2) psi method. Stress evolution and kinetic of the phase transformation are compared and leads to the role-played by the nucleation of point selleck and extended defects. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“This paper shows the versatility of artificial neural networks (ANN) and radial basis functions (RBF) applied to electromagnetic analyses with Medium Wave samples. A new approach is given from an exposure point of view, analyzing field levels in wide areas. In particular supervised ANN are used to distinguish electromagnetic field areas, if levels are above or below a certain threshold. The novel application Electric-Frontier ANN (EF-ANN) allows us to compare the performances of different neural network topologies (linear and recurrent), and it also gives us the possibility to create maps via geographic information systems (GISs).