Other confounders in the analysis included type of initial CNI (cyclosporine or tacrolimus) and antimetabolite agent (mycophenolate

mofetil or azathioprine or none), as well AZD5363 as transplanting centres and transplant period. Transplant period was divided into four cohorts for analysis (i.e. 1995–1997, 1998–2000, 2001–2003, 2004–2005). Transplanting centres were categorized into the five transplanting states in Australia including Western Australia, New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland and South Australia. The report of comorbid medical conditions was collected at the commencement of renal replacement therapy. The clinical outcomes of this study were acute rejection occurring in the first 6 months post-transplant, overall graft survival (including death-censored graft failure (DCGF) and death with functioning graft (DFG)), patient survival and estimated GFR (eGFR) calculated by Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formula14 at 1 and 5 years post-transplant. Data on acute rejection were collected only from see more 1997. For the purpose of this study, outcome data of all patients were censored at December

2006. Results were expressed as frequency (percentage) for categorical data or as mean and standard deviation for continuous data. Comparisons of baseline characteristics between the use of IL-2Ra were made by chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test, as

appropriate. Acute Sitaxentan rejection was modelled using log-binomial regression to estimate relative risk (RR). Linear regression was used to examine eGFR at 1 and 5 years by estimating differences in mean. Graft and patient survival were examined using standard survival methodology using Kaplan–Meier methods, including Cox regression for adjusted analyses. Log–rank tests were used to test equality of survival curves. As DFG and DCGF are competing risks, differences in the cumulative incidences of DFG and DCGF were tested using the Pepe and Mori test. All point estimates are presented with 95% confidence interval (95% CI). The covariates included in the adjusted models include donors’ characteristics (age, source and gender), recipients’ characteristics (gender, BMI, age, diabetes mellitus, vascular disease, smoking, time on dialysis), transplant centres and period. Statistical analysis was performed using Stata/IC 10 statistical software program (Stata Corporation, College Station, TX, USA). Two-tailed P-values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Of the low-risk recipients, 218 of 1220 (18%) received IL-2Ra induction therapy whereas 883 of 3204 (28%) intermediate-risk recipients received IL-2Ra.