(J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2010;140:137-43)”
“Introduction: Choline radiotracers are widely used for clinical PET diagnosis in oncology. [C-11]Choline finds particular utility in the imaging of brain and prostate tumor metabolic status, where 2-[F-18]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (‘FDG’) shows high background uptake. More recently we have extended the clinical utility of [C-11]choline to breast cancer where radiotracer uptake correlates with tumor aggressiveness (grade). In the present study, a new
choline analog, [F-18]fluoro-[1,2-H-2(4)]choline, was synthesized and evaluated as a potential PET imaging probe.
Methods: [F-18]Fluorocholine, [F-18]fluoro-[1-H-2(2)]choline and [F-18]fluoro-[1,2-H-2(4)]choline were synthesized by alkylation of the relevant precursor with [F-18]fluorobromomethane or [F-18]fluoromethyl selleck chemicals tosylate. Radiosynthesis of [F-18]fluoromethyl tosylate AZD1080 cost required extensive modification of the existing method. [F-18]Fluorocholine and [F-18]fluoro-[1,2-H-2(4)]choline were then subjected to in vitro oxidative stability analysis in a chemical oxidation
model using potassium permanganate and an enzymatic model using choline oxidase. The two radiotracers, together with the corresponding di-deuterated compound, [F-18]fluoro-[1-H-2(2)]choline, were then evaluated in vivo in a time-course biodistribution study in HCT-116 tumor-bearing mice.
Results: Alkylation with [F-18]fluoromethyl tosylate proved to be the most reliable radiosynthetic route. Stability models indicate that [F-18] fluoro-[1,2-H-2(4)]choline possesses increased chemical and enzymatic
(choline oxidase) oxidative stability relative to [F-18]fluorocholine. The distribution of the three radiotracers, [F-18]fluorocholine, [F-18]fluoro-[1-H-2(2)]choline and [F-18]fluoro-[1,2-H-2(4)]choline, showed a similar uptake profile in most organs. Crucially, tumor uptake of [F-18]fluoro-[1,2-H-2(4)]choline was significantly increased at late time points compared to [F-18]fluorocholine and [F-18]fluoro-[1-H-2(2)]choline.
Conclusions: Stability analysis and biodistribution suggest that [F-18]fluoro-[1,2-H-2(4)]choline warrants further in vivo investigation as a PET Vorinostat probe of choline metabolism. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.”
“Objectives: We sought to estimate the prevalence and identify the predictors of impaired growth after infant cardiac surgery.
Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of a prospective study of the role of apolipoprotein E gene polymorphisms on neurodevelopment in young children after infant cardiac surgery. Prevalence estimates for growth velocity were derived by using anthropometric measures (weight and head circumference) obtained at birth and at 4 years of age. Genetic evaluation was also performed. Growth measure z scores were calculated by using World Health Organization Child Growth Standards.