“
“Circadian variations in the QT interval (QT) and QT dispersion are decreased in patients with type 2 diabetes because of cardioneuropathy. Insulin resistance MK 5108 has been recently identified as an independent

determinant of QT prolongation in normoglycemic women. However, the relationship between QT prolongation and the degree of insulin resistance as well as circadian variation remains unclear in diabetic patients. This study was designed to assess the relationship between insulin resistance and the circadian variation in QT measurements in patients with type 2 diabetes. In 14 patients with AZD1208 ic50 diabetes, QT, corrected QT (QTc), QT dispersion, QTc dispersion, and RR interval (RR)

were analyzed using 12-lead Holter monitoring and commercial software. The degree of diurnal variation in each measurement was defined as the amplitude between the maximum and mean values on curves fitted using the mean cosinor method (A_QT, A_QTc, A_QT dispersion, A_QTc dispersion, and A_RR). The cosine curve was fitted to all measured values in each QT measurement and RR for 24 h. Insulin resistance (glucose infusion rate (GIR)) was measured using the euglycemic hyperinsulinemic glucose clamp method. The maximum QT, QTc, QT dispersion, and QTc dispersion were > 450 ms. GIR was significantly

correlated with A_QT only (r = 0.59, P < 0.05). GIR was not correlated with other variables, and was dependent only on the circadian variation in QT.”
“Background: Since few cohorts encompass the whole life-course, many studies that measure socio-economic position (SEP) across the life-course rely on participant recall of SEP measures from cross-sectional postal or interview surveys. It is also particularly important that SEP measures should be appropriate for the age of the population studied, as the level of missing data has been shown to increase in older people. The aim of this study was to investigate the accuracy Cyclopamine ic50 of recall of two SEP measures in older adults, age left school and longest job, by examining their validity in a general population postal survey in North Staffordshire, UK.

Methods: Sets of questions on education and longest job were included in a questionnaire at different stages of the study. All patients aged 50+ registered with three general practices were sent a baseline Health Questionnaire. 6 years later, 3410 responders were mailed a follow-up Health Questionnaire; a sub-sample of these participants took part in independent qualitative interviews.