But, the therapeutic option for patients meeting the Milan criteria with preserved liver function is facing a dilemma. In this study, we examined the outcomes of surgical resection for HCC patients meeting the Milan criteria with preserved liver function and rationale of hepatic resection as the first treatment for HCC meeting the Milan Criteria.\n\nMethods: Between 1991 and 2006, 248 patients with HCC underwent hepatectomy in 1.58 primary HCC patients meeting Milan criteria (Group M) and in 90 patients beyond Milan criteria (Group N). Median age was 54.5 years in group M and 52.4 years in group N.\n\nResults:

The tumor size, mean survival months, E-S grade and vascular invasion rate were significantly different between the two groups. 67 patients in group M and 22 patients in group N had intrahepatic recurrence CAL-101 inhibitor after primary hepatectomy.

The cumulative 1, 3, and 5-year survival rates were 91.9%, 74.5%, and 60.5% in intrahepatic recurrence group M after primary hepatectomy and 100%, 96.0%, and 90.5% in repeated hepatic resection for recurrent treatment in group M, respectively.\n\nConclusion: Because of the high survival rate and long-term Survival after adequate treatment of recurrence, primary hepatectomy is considered a reasonable option as first-line treatment for HCC meeting Milan criteria with preserved liver function. (J Korean Surg Soc 2009;77:267-272)”
“Aim Understanding Selleckchem JIB 04 the factors underlying the successful establishment of invasive ant species is critical for developing quarantine strategies to prevent additional invasions as well as for determining how such species overcome the selective pressures in invaded areas. Although several studies have revealed differences in the social organization and population genetics of

invasive ants in their native and introduced ranges, few studies have considered the potential interactions between alternate social forms within newly-invaded areas simply because many invasive ants are characterized as polygyne or unicolonial.\n\nLocation Taoyuan and Chiayi County, Taiwan.\n\nMethods Both social forms (polygyne and monogyne) of the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta, occur in two separately invaded areas in Taiwan (Taoyuan and Chiayi). We CRT0066101 clinical trial employed intensive sampling methods and diagnostic polymerase chain reaction assays to determine the distribution of these two social forms in both infested areas in Taiwan.\n\nResults The distribution of social forms differs dramatically between the two infested areas, consistent with different invasion histories regarding the original make-up of individuals comprising the initial founder group. The Taoyuan population likely was colonized initially by ants of both social forms, with the subsequent spread characterized by continuous outward movement of the two forms, particularly the monogyne form.