001, 0 012, 0 033 at grades 5, 7 and 9, respectively) and peer al

001, 0.012, 0.033 at grades 5, 7 and 9, respectively) and peer alcohol use (Ps=0.041, <0.001, <0.001 at grades 5, 7 and 9, respectively). Poor parental supervision was associated with steep escalators at grade 9 (P<0.001) but not the other grades. Attachment to parents was unrelated to alcohol trajectories.

ConclusionsParental disapproval of alcohol use before transition to high school, low school commitment at transition to high school, and sibling and peer alcohol use during adolescence are associated with a higher risk of steep escalations in

alcohol use.”
“Background: We investigated which factors are associated with successful paediatric endotracheal intubation (ETI) on the first attempt in emergency department

(EDs) from multicentre emergency airway registry data.

Methods: We created a multicentre registry ATM/ATR inhibitor cancer of intubations at 13 EDs and performed surveillance over 5 years. Each intubator filled out a data form after an intubation. We defined “”paediatric patients”" as patients younger than 10 years of age. We assessed the specialty and level of training of intubator, the method, the equipment, and the associated adverse check details events. We analysed the intubation success rates on the first attempt (first-pass success, FPS) based on these variables.

Results: A total of 430 ETIs were performed on 281 children seen in the ED. The overall FPS rate was 67.6%, but emergency medicine (EM) physicians showed a significantly greater success rate of 74.4%. In the logistic regression analysis, the intubator’s specialty was the only independent predictive factor for paediatric FPS. In the subgroup analysis, the EM physicians used the rapid sequence intubation/intubation (RSI) method and Macintosh laryngoscope more frequently than physicians of other specialties. ETI-related adverse events occurred in 21 (7.2%) out of the 281 cases. The most common

adverse event in the FPS group was mainstem bronchus intubation, and vomiting find more was the most common event in the non-FPS group. The incidence of adverse events was lower in the FPS group than in the non-FPS group, but this difference was not statistically significant.

Conclusions: The intubator’s specialty was the major factor associated with FPS in emergency department paediatric ETI, The overall ETI FPS rate among paediatric patients was 67.6%, but the EM physicians had a FPS rate of 74.4%. A well structured airway skill training program, and more actively using the RSI method are important and this could explain this differences. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Background: The nature of the inflammatory change within ruptured AAA has not been extensively reported. The aim of this study was to compare the inflammatory response in non-ruptured and ruptured aneurysms with emphasis On the site of rupture.

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